Detection of the BCR-ABL leukemia gene fusion using chip-based electrochemical assay

Ability to diagnose cancer before it progresses into advanced stages is highly desirable for the best treatment outcome. A sensitive test to analyze complex samples for specific cancer biomarkers would provide with important prognostic information and help to select the best treatment regimen. A highly robust, ultra sensitive and costeffective electronic chip platform was used to detect nucleic acid biomarkers in heterogeneous biological samples without any amplification or purification. Chronic myelogenous leukemia (CML) was chosen as a model disease due to its hallmark genetic abnormality. This disease state therefore has an ideal market to test the detection of the fusion transcripts in complex samples, such as blood. It was shown that the CML-related fusion can be detected from unpurified cell lysates and as low as 10 cells were needed for detection. Finally, patient samples were analyzed using the assay and the fusion transcripts were accurately identified in all of them.